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| 1960 |
| | | Patrice Lumumba becomes prime minister of the newly independent Democratic Republic of the Congo, previously the Belgian Congo | |
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| 1960 |
| | | British and Italian colonies merge as the independent Somali republic, also known as Somalia, with Aden Abdullah Osman as president | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Kenyatta, still in prison, is elected leader of KANU, a new political party in Kenya | |
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| 1960 |
| | | Nigeria wins independence, with Abubakar Tafawa Balewa as prime minister, but its stability is threatened by tribal and regional factions | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Former British colony Sierra Leone becomes an independent state within the Commonwealth | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Joshua Nkomo founds ZAPU, the Zimbabwe African People's Union, in the British colony of Southern Rhodesia | |
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| 1961 |
| | | Tanganyika becomes an independent nation with Julius Nyerere as prime minister | |
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| 1962 |
| | | Ian Smith's white supremacist party, the Rhodesian Front, wins power in Rhodesia's election | |
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| 1962 |
| | | The former British colony of Uganda becomes an independent republic, with Milton Obote as prime minister | |
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| 1963 |
| | | Zanzibar becomes an independent nation and a member of the Commonwealth | |
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